What is Logic?
- Logic = Science of reasoning.
- Helps in drawing conclusions from observations or statements.
Types of Logic
1. Pure (Formal) Logic
- Developed by Aristotle.
- Ensures consistency between statement and conclusion.
- Not concerned with whether the statement is true or false.
- Example: Both Allopathy (massive doses) and Homoeopathy (minimum dose) are logical under pure logic if internally consistent.
2. Inductive (True) Logic
- Developed by Francis Bacon and used by Hahnemann.
- Based on true observation and experimentation.
- Concerned with facts and reality.
- Main goal: Discovery and use of truth.
- Basis of Homoeopathy.
Steps of Inductive Logic in Homoeopathy
- Exact observation
- Correct interpretation of facts
- Rational explanation of the facts
- Scientific construction (coordination of facts)
Induction vs Deduction
Induction:
General law from individual facts
→ E.g. Law of Similars (from Cinchona experiment)
Deduction:
Apply general law to specific cases
→ E.g. Applying “like cures like” to treat a patient
Methods to Determine Causation
- Method of Agreement – Common condition = Cause
- Method of Difference – Present vs Absent = Conclusion
- Concomitant Variation – Cause & effect change together
- Method of Residues – Subtract known causes → what remains is due to unknown cause
Logic in Homoeopathic Study & Practice
- Observation → Law of Similars
o Hahnemann experimented with Cinchona bark → same symptoms in healthy as in malaria patient.
- Verification of symptoms
o Through provings, poisonings, clinical trials.
- Application in patient study
o Totality of symptoms = logical summation of signs.
- Individualization
o Every symptom must be complete (Location + Sensation + Modality)
- Logic in Materia Medica Study
o Not by memorizing, but by understanding the remedy as a person (dramatization/personification)
Mnemonic for Logic of Homoeopathy: "I DIG FACTS"
- I – Inductive logic
- D – Deduction (Application of general law)
- I – Individualization
- G – Generalization (Totality of symptoms)
- F – Facts from observation
- A – Application in practice
- C – Cause (methods to determine)
- T – Truth through experimentation
- S – Similars (Law of Similars derived)
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